Voice/Vision Holocaust Survivor Oral History Archive

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Marvin Kozlowski - August 28, 2002

So you and your father were both hiding.

Pardon?

You and your father were both hiding in the basement.

My father was hiding in the basement. Later we come out, he was taken away to the French border, not far from French border. He was working there. He was able--we were not able to get in touch with him. Somehow, couple times we had letters from him. And uh, I don't know how this happened. They sent him back uh, when the Aussiedlung was ??? How do you say it?

Wife: Aussiedlung you know.

Aussiedlung, you know what I'm talking about, when the Aus...that's about two weeks before. And uh, during the two weeks he was working here. He also had a, a working card. And then I have to tell you we had the--we went--after this, my father was sent away and was in 19...uh, we went--were sent to a ghetto in 1942. In 1942...

This was Radom ghetto.

Wait a second, wait a second.

Wife: They were in Radom.

No, no. To a ghetto 1940, 1940 or '41, I'm not sure.

The ghettos opened I think in April 1940.

1940.

Yeah, and there were two, right?

Yeah.

Wife: A small one and big. He was in the small one, I was in the big one.

So they sent us to the smaller ghetto. Now uh, we...

What was the difference between the two?

Well, they were downtown, we were, we were a different part of the city.

Wife: Outskirts.

Outskirts, okay.

Wife: They couldn't handle probably. It was far away.

Okay. We were in such a shape. Most of the food was gone. We--they give a cramped place where to live. Anyway, we survived 'til the ghetto. I was working, as I said, in the SS ??? for awhile. We survived and then uh, in 1942, I think it was 194...oh, in, in, in August.